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1919: French Revolution and Civil War Timeline

Bonjour à tous.
I am disappointed that we know about the French Civil War. More precisely, a small amount of information. I tried to find out the information from the devs. In vain. Well, if you wanted to see something like this, I sincerely give it to you. A brief sketch of how the Revolution and the Civil War could have gone.
Get ready, it will be a longread. The links will contain maps describing a specific /CW period. Everything is ready, enjoy!

Spring collapse & Revolution

The Western Front is entering its final phase. The Germans break through the Anglo-French defenses. The CGT, led by the zealous anarchist Émile Pouget, went on a general strike. Foch was replaced by Pétain. The fighting spirit is insignificant in the army, soldiers do not want to die and dissert.
And so the Germans surrounded Paris, preparing to cook it in a ring, the Austrians occupied Marseilles, the government moved to Orleans, and the Socialists and Syndicalists held a demonstration in support of the rebels. Initially peaceful, with the participation of radicals led to the capture of the city administrations of Lyon, Dijon, Saint-Etienne. Apart from this and the short strike, this demonstration was not remembered for anything.
The military continued to disobey orders from senior management. During the month in Paris there were centers of "class" struggle, which complicated the situation. Having asserted that the fall of Paris was inevitable, on October 4, 1919, the French went to Versailles to sign an armistice with the Germans (read the surrender). According to him, the northeast of France was occupied by the Germans (the Austrians at that time left Marseilles, Italy is more important), they also captured Paris "for the sake of stability", and ordered the French army to demobilize. Well, to pay reparations, of course.
If you think it's all like 1871, you're damn right! As the Kaiser and his own guard marched on the Champs Elysees, the French were horrified and disgraced, demoralized and enraged. The fiasco of revenge turned into riots, mutinies, with ever-increasing strikes. Both the Briando government, which had just begun its work, and the aristocracy with the bourgeoisie, probably for the lack of help from France, were to blame. The Socialists/Syndicalists boycotted the parliament and declared themselves allies of the CGT.
Eventually, on November 1, the Treaty of Versailles was signed, a peace with harsh, degrading conditions that finally leveled old France in the eyes of the people. On November 3, the CGT issued an ultimatum against the still unmobilized soldiers and expressed confidence in those who did so. The general strike successfully spread to most of the country. Law enforcers and protesters turned against each other. Cities became fronts. The factories became rear. The country became an arena of battle. A picture emerged, more majestic than 1789, and bloodier than 1871: the French returned to each other and threw down their knives. The revolution began.

Bloody Winter

Now soldiers, workers, peasants and burghers, who a few months ago were still fighting together, have met in the arena. The lower class, which took the overthrow of the "enemies of the proletariat" seriously, was joined by previously deserted soldiers. In the first week they managed to occupy Lyon, Limoges, Dijon, Bourges, Rouen and a dozen other cities. Given the joint disorganization of the French army, the first seemingly clear attack took place on November 22 at Vichy (22,000 revolutionaries against 21,000 soldiers), where Barthelemy's units repulsed the rebel attacks with equal force. Other divisions either obeyed the Syndicalists or fled to the southeast, where they tried to organize a fragile line of defense.
December continued the beating of the Republic: La Rochelle, Angers, Nantes, Perigueux, Nevers came under the control of trade unionists. Also in December, the SFIO established ties with the Bolsheviks, which allowed it to seize leadership in the Third International after the fall of Moscow and the Soviet regime. As of January 1, CGT received Aquitaine, Toulouse, Auvergne, Burgundy, Limoges and Poitou. It is also worth mentioning the anarchist republic in Saint-Lo, where Raymond Pericat (a supporter of the Bolsheviks) organized the dictatorship of the proletariat during October-December, until he was bribed for a position in the Committee of Public Safety. Or maybe he did not see Nestor Makhno?
The strong helplessness of the Provisional Government can be explained by the lack of a strong leader. Aristide Bryand, although a socialist, was unable to reach an agreement with both the CGT and the Germans. We don't have to talk about the rest of the government. The only thing it managed to do was move from Orleans to Marseilles and defend itself with dying stocks, people still ready to fight for the Third Republic ... and what's the point of fighting for it? This view was confirmed by the battle of Avignon on January 29 (15,000 revolutionaries against 12,200 military), which ended not in favor of the old democracy. Although it was more like a beating, uneven sparring. There was no other way out but to flee. From February 1 to 4, about 100,000 combatants, as many refugees, the elite and the navy were evacuated first to Corsica and then to the Algerian departments. The participants in the events will call the farewell to their homeland (they considered it temporary) an "Algerian Voyage" (Voyage d'Algérien). On February 5, everything was over - the revolution won.
Mainland France was wrapped in the Red Flag.

Aftermath

In March, a French delegation traveled to Compiègne to sign a peace treaty with Germany. The Syndicalists confirmed the previous agreements and handed over the rest of Lorraine to Germany, and Dunkirk to Flanders-Wallonia, fortunately, the civil war hindered the realization of German ambitions. And on May 21, the anniversary of the Bloody Week of the Paris Commune, the founding of the Federation of Communes of France, which consisted of 37,900 communes, was officially announced. Émile Pouget, the Premier of the Comité de Salut Public, begins the difficult task of transforming democracy into a state of the proletariat.
The Third French Republic in Algiers became a refuge for lovers of old France, who provided Ferdinand Foch with power. Democratic forces failed to form a viable government, failed to resolve problems between refugees and Franco-Algerians, and were swept away by the junta of Philippe Pétain in 1926. Switzerland applied the condition of the Congress of Vienna on the neutrality of the Upper Savoy and occupied it in January 1920. From January, the Communards also began to provide assistance to the Italian brothers, which allowed them to strengthen in Piedmont. Monaco was captured and annexed by CGT in the last days of the war. The escape of the king with the elite and the ban on casinos turned the principality into an ordinary commune.
After all, there are calls from both sides of the Mediterranean for the unification of France under one government.
Friends, if you have read my long grid and are ready to point out inaccuracies and errors objectively, I am glad to listen to them. This is an attempt to more or less describe the history of France's formation in the world of the Kaiserreich. Not surprisingly, this chronology is published against the background of progress reports on France. I hope I satisfied you. Merci.
submitted by vjwua to Kaiserreich [link] [comments]

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